Global robust stability of delayed recurrent neural networks

This paper is concerned with the global robust stability of a class of delayed interval recurrent neural networks which contain time-invariant uncertain parameters whose values are unknown but bounded in given compact sets. A new sufficient condition is presented for the existence, uniqueness, and global robust stability of equilibria for interval neural networks with time delays by constructing Lyapunov functional and using matrix-norm inequality. An error is corrected in an earlier publication, and an example is given to show the effectiveness of the obtained results.     

Preparation,Functionality, and Application of Metal Oxide‐coated Noble Metal Nanoparticles

With their remarkable properties and wide‐ranging applications, nanostructures of noble metals and metal oxides have been receiving significantly increased attention in recent years. The desire to combine the properties of these two functional materials for specific applications has naturally prompted research in the design and synthesis of novel nanocomposites, consisting of both noble metal and metal‐oxide components. In this review, particular attention is given to core–shell type metal oxide‐coated noble metal nanostructures (i.e., metal@oxide), which display potential utility in applications, including photothermal therapy, catalytic conversions, photocatalysis, molecular sensing, and photovoltaics. Emerging research directions and areas are envisioned at the end to solicit more attention and work in this regard.

     

尿液中常见毒品微量检测的表面增强拉曼光谱识别

通过将自适应平滑滤波器和结合小波变换的支持向量机(Support vector machine,SVM)分类器有机组合,建立了低信噪比拉曼光谱的模式识别方法。首先,通过自适应平滑滤波器进行光谱去噪,滤波窗口宽度根据信噪比估计值进行调整,从而在保证特征峰信号强度的同时达到更好的噪声滤波效果;其次,由小波变换实现光谱数据降维,通过小波分解层数优化可以获得训练集的最佳分类准确率;最后,由SVM进行分类,通过交叉验证(Cross validation,CV)实现SVM参数寻优,并根据交叉验证与分类器之间的准确率关系,得出分类器可用参数需满足的条件。基于表面增强拉曼光谱技术,本方法实现了人体尿液中甲基苯丙胺(Methamphetamine,MAMP)和亚甲基二氧基甲基苯丙胺(3,4-Methylenedio-xymethamphetamine,MDMA)的定性微量分析。实验使用中国科学院合肥智能机械研究所研发的金纳米棒拉曼光谱增强基底,由Delta Nu公司的Inspector型便携拉曼光谱仪采集光谱,激发光波长785 nm,曝光时间为5 s,整体检测准确率高于95.0%。     

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of organophosphorus pesticide residues using temperature modulated SnO(2) gas sensor

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of organophosphorus pesticide residues (acephate and trichlorphon) using temperature modulated SnO₂ gas sensor were studied. The testing method employed only a single SnO₂-based gas sensor in a rectangular temperature mode to perform the qualitative analysis of pure pesticide vapor and a binary vapor mixture in the air. Experimental results showed that in the range 250-300 °C and at the modulating frequency of 20 mHz the high selectivity of the sensor could be achieved. The quantitative analysis of the pure pesticide vapor and their mixture were performed by fast Fourier transformation (FFT). The higher harmonics of the FFT characterized the non-linear properties of the response at the sensor surface. The amplitudes of the higher harmonics exhibited characteristic variations that depend on the concentration and the kinetics of pesticide species on the sensor surface.     

A novel method for recognizing face with partial occlusion via sparse representation

In this paper, we propose a novel method to recognize the partially occluded face images based on sparse representation. Generally, occlusions, such as glasses and scarf, fall on some random patch of image's pixels of test images, but which is known to be connected. In our method, all images are divided into several blocks and then an indicator based on linear regression technique is presented to determine whether a block is occluded. We utilize those uncontaminated blocks as the new feature of an image. Finally, the sparse representation-based classification (SRC) method serves as the classifier to recognize unknown faces. In the original work of SRC, the extended SRC (eSRC) scheme is presented to deal with occlusions, which has very heavy computational cost. The experimental results show that our method can achieve good recognition accuracy and has much lower computational cost than eSRC.     

超顺磁性Fe3O4/Au@Ag复合材料的合成及其SERS性能研究

利用溶剂热法和种子生长法分别合成Fe₃O₄磁性纳米粒子和Au@Ag核壳纳米粒子, 利用静电吸附方法成功将聚乙酰亚胺(PEI)修饰到Fe₃O₄表面并通过N-Ag共价键将Au@Ag核壳纳米粒子组装到Fe₃O₄表面, 制备Fe₃O₄/Au@Ag复合材料. 通过控制Au@Ag复合粒子的加入量, 来调节Fe₃O₄/Au@Ag复合材料的表面增强拉曼(SERS)活性. 以对巯基苯胺(p-ATP)为拉曼活性探针分子来考察该复合纳米材料的SERS性能, 检测限可以低至2×10^-9 mol/L. 同时, 将该复合材料应用于农药分子福美双的检测, 检测限可以低至10^-6 mol/L. 这种功能性复合材料既具有良好的SERS活性, 又具有Fe₃O₄磁性内核, 可以通过外加磁场实现对待测分子的分离、富集, 具有更广泛的应用前景.     

Importance of PbI_2 morphology in two-step deposition of CH_3NH_3PbI_3 for high-performance perovskite solar cells

Controlling the morphology of the perovskite film is an effective way to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cell devices. In this work, we study the influence of the crystallization condition on PbI_2 morphology and the performances of resulting perovskite solar cells. The PbI_2 morphologies and coverage rates under different formation conditions such as solvent effect, slow crystallization at room temperature and substrate-preheating, are found to be of crucial importance for preparing high-quality perovskite. The generation of loosely packed disk-like PbI_2 film with interpenetrating nanopores promotes the penetration of methyl ammonium iodide(MAI), leading to a better crystallinity of the perovskite film, and a best repeatable power conversion efficiency of 11.59% is achieved when methyl ammonium lead triiodide(CH_3NH_3PbI_3, MAPbI_3) is employed. In addition, an excellent device is also obtained with an efficiency of more than 93% to remain after working for 43 days.     

Assembly of bioconjugated rod-nanotags and multilayer plasmonic nanorod-array for ultrasensitive SERS detection of <Emphasis Type="Italic">S. aureus</Emphasis> bacteria

A highly-efficient bioconjugation protocol of bimetallic rod-nanotags interacted with bacterial anti-S. aureus-IgG has been firstly demonstrated. Controllable fabrication of multilayer plasmonic nanorod-array (MPNRA) can be successfully obtained by facet functionalization of nanorods stacked on an activated Si/SiO₂ chip. Vancomycin coating of MPNRA is favorable to immobilize S. aureus bacteria via multiple hydrogen bonding interactions, i.e., peptidoglycan of the bacterial cell and carbonyl/amine groups of the vancomycin. Moreover, the bimetallic rod-nanotags can be assembled around MPNRA via a bacterial biointerface. Ultrasensitive SERS detection of S. aureus bacteria with limit-of-detection (LOD) can be achieved up to 17.8 cfu/mL via combination of rod-nanotag and multilayer plasmonic nanorod-array perpendicular a chip (MPNRA-perpendicular substrate), which could be ascribed to dual plasmonic enhancement from bioconjugated rod-nanotags aggregates and large-scaled plasmonic nanorod-array.     

Sensitive and Selective Detection of Antibiotic D-Penicillamine Based on a Dual-Mode Probe of Fluorescent Carbon Dots and Gold Nanoparticles

This paper reported a dual-mode probe for D-penicillamine on the basis of pH-mediated gold nanoparticles aggregation and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) from carbon dots. D-penicillamine is a zwitterionic compound and has different forms depending on specific pH ranges. The thiol group of D-penicillamine has high affinity towards the surface of gold nanoparticles and can replace other surface ligands. When pH values were close to its isoelectrical point (pH(I)), the D-penicillamine capped gold nanoparticles aggregated through hydrogen bonding or electrostatic interactions, resulting in the releasing of carbon dots from gold nanoparticles. The dual-mode probe consisted of fluorescent carbon dots and gold nanoparticles, and the fluorescence of carbon dots was quenched by the attached gold nanoparticles due to the FRET. Then, the fluorescence can be recovered in presence of D-penicillamine due to the gold nanoparticles aggregation in specific pH range. Under the optimum conditions, the probe has linear response for D-penicillamine in the 0.25–1.5 μM concentration range with a detection limit of 0.085 μM. This method provides a potential application in sensitive detection of D-penicillamine.